| 3rd EuCARD-2 ColMat-HDED (WP11) annual meeting |
| 3rd EuCARD-2 annual meeting |
| 2nd EuCARD-2 annual meeting |
| 2nd EuCARD-2 ColMat-HDED (WP11) annual meeting |
| 1st EuCARD-2 annual meeting |
Beam collimation and machine protection are central R&D areas in the accelerator beam community. Accelerators cannot be run at high intensity, energy and brightness without appropriate materials for collimators and beam dumps.
Accelerator performance with ever increasing beam brightness and stored energies as for the CERN projects of LIU and HL-LHC, and other projects such as FAIR or future neutrino facilities, pushes material requirements for collimators into more challenging grounds and unknown territories, given the expected very fast high density energy deposition (over a few nanoseconds).
For example, peak energy densities of 15 GJ/mm2 are now imaginable in the LHC beam, so even a small fraction of it would cause discontinuous change in the medium pressure, temperature and density.
Such changes must be measured to provide parameters for modelling shockwave and damage propagation and validate the use of materials in accelerator applications.
Furthermore irradiation induced damage may deteriorate material properties and performance and must therefore be determined in an early design phase in order to estimate the component lifetime and robustness to beam impact, be it protons or ions.
Present materials are operated at their physical limits and operation of the LHC already has to be adapted to the maximum beam load the presently installed materials allow. Building upon the results of EuCARD and pushing them into a new and even more innovative regime, the collimation WP in EuCARD2 will support progress with material developments for collimators and targets. The new availability of irradiation facility such as HiRadMat (in 2012 at CERN) and M-brunch (2011 in GSI), together with well-established irradiation facilities (NRC-Kurchatov Institute), will allow to fully characterising promising candidate materials like metal-diamond composites and new types of silicon carbide.
Beyond the relevance for high-energy physics, the development and characterisation of new materials will be of interest for other applications where equipment may be exposed to high intensity radiation, high-density energy deposition and large temperature excursion such as thermal management for electronics, high temperature space applications, and fusion and fission reactors.
The activities of this task are for the work package coordinators [A. Rossi, J. Stadlmann] to oversee and co-ordinate the work of all other work package tasks, to ensure the consistency of the work according to the project plan and to coordinate the WP technical and scientific tasks with tasks carried out by the other work packages when relevant. The coordination duties also include the organization of WP internal steering meetings, the setting up of proper reviewing, and the reporting to the project management and the distribution of the information within the WP as well as to the other work packages running in parallel. The task also covers the organization of and support to the annual meetings dedicated to the WP activity review and possible activity workshops or specialized working sessions, implying the attendance of invited participants from inside and outside the consortium.
The collimator robustness and integrity after impact is of great importance in a collimation system. Aim of this task is to review the best modern materials and to perform experimental tests on material robustness and mechanical behaviour. For this purpose highly energetic beam impact and high thermal stresses are induced and the resulting heating and shock waves are observed with multiple diagnostics. One novel diagnostic for detecting beam impact on collimators during operation is the usage of modern microphones (measurement of acoustical shock waves). This work requires building of test samples, of material samples, define new experimental setups, laboratory tests, tests under beam irradiation.
The following institutes contribute to this work: CERN, GSI, POLITO, RHP, RRC KI, KUG.
The materials used for collimators must have high absorbing power and high robustness in order to guarantee effective collimation of high intensity energetic proton and ion beams, and survive accidental losses that may lead to high power deposition onto the jaws. Aim of this task is the theoretical modelling of new materials and composites, the calculation of energy deposition following accidents and the modelling of shock-induced damage.
The following institutes contribute to this work: CERN, GSI, POLITO, RHP, RRC KI, UM.
The increasing beam intensity in accelerators requires ever better cleaning efficiency, and lower collimator impedance. Aim of this task is to evaluate the potential, advantages and disadvantages of materials that are studied in 11.2 and 11.3 with beam simulation codes. The results are used to iterate on material specifications. The benefit of new collimator material is compared with alternative advanced collimation concepts.
The following institutes contribute to this work: CERN, CSIC, RHUL, HUD, UNIMAN
| Deliverable 11.1: Result on simulations of new materials and composites (due by M36) |
| Deliverable 11.2: Report on comparative assessment of beam simulation codes (due by M40) |
| Deliverable 11.3: Irradiation test results (due by M46) |
| Deliverable 11.4: Results on characterisation of new materials and composites (due by M46) |
| M. Tomut, A. Rossi, A. Bertarelli, F. Carra, E. Quaranta - Milestone Report 2014 |
